skip to main content
US FlagAn official website of the United States government
dot gov icon
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
https lock icon
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( lock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Explore Research Products in the PAR
It may take a few hours for recently added research products to appear in PAR search results.


  • Home
  • Search Results
  • Page 1 of 1

Search for: All records

Creators/Authors contains: "Burrows, James"

Note: When clicking on a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) number, you will be taken to an external site maintained by the publisher. Some full text articles may not yet be available without a charge during the embargo (administrative interval).
What is a DOI Number?

Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. Their policies may differ from this site.

  1. ; ; (, Science)
    The Birch reduction dearomatizes arenes into 1,4-cyclohexadienes. Despite substantial efforts devoted to avoiding ammonia and cryogenic conditions, the traditional, cumbersome, and dangerous procedure remains the standard. The Benkeser reduction with lithium in ethylenediamine converts arenes to a mixture of cyclohexenes and cyclohexanes; this is operationally easier than the Birch reduction but does not afford 1,4-cyclohexadienes. Here, we report a Birch reduction promoted by lithium and ethylenediamine (or analogs) in tetrahydrofuran at ambient temperature. Our method is easy to set up, inexpensive, scalable, rapid, accessible to any chemical laboratory, and capable of reducing both electron-rich and electron-deficient substrates. Our protocol is also compatible with organocuprate chemistry for further functionalization. 
    more » « less
    Full Text Available